Bronchiectasis is a long-term condition where the airways of lungs become abnormally permanently widened. The most common symptoms of bronchiectasis include: a persistent cough that usually brings up sputum, dyspnea and chest pain or tightness. According to statistics, the prevalence of bronchiectasis in adult is about 20 per 100,000 women and 15 per 100,000 men in Taiwan.
There are two main categories of bronchiectasis. One category is cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis which is caused by CFTR gene mutation related to an abnormal production of mucus in lungs. The other one is non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis which is resulted from lung injuries, immunodeficiency states or prior respiratory infections. The possible mechanism of bronchiectasis is breakdown of airways due to a chronic inflammation. The excessive inflammatory response causes damages of elastic fiber and muscle tissue in airway, leading to abnormal enlarged bronchi and the reducing capacity of expectoration. The sputum accumulation leads to increase the number of bacteria in the lungs, which increases the inflammatory responses over and over. Bronchiectasis is an uncommon lung disease, but it can trigger many complications. Once patients get bronchiectasis, they will suffer the repeated infection and inflammatory response in the airway. Bronchiectasis is an irreversible disease, however it is not a fatal illness. Cleaning the sputum or reducing the chronic inflammation in airway can minimize the injury in the lungs.
MG-S-2525 is a small molecule, kinase inhibitor which is developed by Metagone. MG-S-2525 can decrease the expression or activity of MAP3K19 in lung tissue and reduce the inflammation.
MG-S-2525 can efficiently reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokine, IL-6 and IL-8, in the pre-clinical animal model. The MG-S-2525 is potential to treat bronchiectasis which is caused by inflammation.
MG-S-2525 new drug IND was approved by the US FDA and TFDA in July 2018 and November 2018 respectively. The phase I clinical trial was completed in August 2019 and showed the well safety outcome. The phase II trial will be slated into 2021 Q4 and expected to complete in 2022 Q3.
Figure legends:
(A) Mechanism of MG-S-2525 new drug in Bronchiectasis.
(B) MG-S-2525 (compound C) decreases the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 efficiently in the mice models which was induced by acute inflammation. (*KC is the homologue of IL-8 in murine model)